Izithuthuthu zombane zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ziibhetri, iimoto zombane, kunye nezilawuli.
1. Ibhetri: Ibhetri ngumthombo wamandla wesithuthuthu sombane, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwamandla esithuthi. Okwangoku, iibhetri ze-lithium - ze-ion lolona hlobo lwebhetri lwezithuthuthu zombane ngenxa yoxinano lwamandla aphezulu kunye nesantya sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
2. IMoto: Injini licandelo elingundoqo lesithuthuthu sombane, elinoxanduva lokuguqula amandla ombane ebhetri abe ngamandla omatshini ukuqhubela isithuthi phambili. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zokwenyani, izithuthuthu zombane zinokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenjini, ezinjengeemotor ze-DC, iimotor ze-AC ze-asynchronous, kunye ne-magnetic synchronous motors esisigxina. Iimotor ze-synchronous zemagnethi ezisisigxina, kunye nokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokulawulwa okugqwesileyo, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumzi mveliso wezithuthuthu zombane.
3. Umlawuli: Umlawuli "yingqondo" yesithuthuthu sombane. Ilawula ngokuchanekileyo i-motor ngokusekelwe kwisimo sokuqhuba isithuthi kunye negalelo lomqhubi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza. Umlawuli uphinde ukhusele ibhetri kwi-overcharge kunye ne-overdischarge, ukwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwayo.
